Software architectural patterns are widely used in the design of modern software applications. These patterns help to guide the structure and organization of software systems, making them more efficient, maintainable, and scalable. Here are the 10 most popular software architectural patterns:
- Model-View-Controller (MVC) Pattern: MVC is a pattern that separates the concerns of an application’s data model, user interface, and control logic into three distinct components. The model contains the data and business logic, the view displays the data to the user, and the controller manages user input and updates the model and view accordingly. This pattern is widely used in web development, where the model represents the data stored in a database, the view is the HTML page that displays the data, and the controller is the server-side code that handles requests and updates the model and view. More Details
- Layered Pattern: The layered pattern separates an application into layers that communicate with each other through well-defined interfaces. The most common layers include the presentation layer, business logic layer, and data access layer. This pattern helps to improve maintainability and scalability by separating concerns and promoting modularity. The presentation layer is responsible for displaying data to the user, the business logic layer implements the application’s core functionality, and the data access layer is responsible for accessing data from a database or other external source.
- Microservices Pattern: Microservices is an architectural pattern that advocates for breaking down an application into a collection of small, independent services that communicate with each other over a network. Each microservice is responsible for a specific business capability, and can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently. This pattern helps to improve scalability, fault tolerance, and the ability to handle change.
- Event-Driven Pattern: The event-driven pattern is based on the concept of asynchronous communication between components in a system. It involves the use of events to trigger actions or communicate changes between components, enabling a more loosely coupled architecture. This pattern is commonly used in systems that require high scalability, real-time data processing, and the ability to handle large volumes of data. Read more:
- Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA): The Service-Oriented Architecture pattern uses services as the fundamental building blocks of an application. Each service is a self-contained unit of functionality that can be accessed by other components through well-defined interfaces. This pattern helps to promote reusability, scalability, and interoperability.
- Domain-Driven Design (DDD): The Domain-Driven Design pattern emphasizes the importance of modeling a system’s domain in a way that accurately reflects the underlying business logic. This pattern helps to promote a better understanding of the system, and enables developers to more easily identify and address complex business requirements.
- Command Query Responsibility Segregation (CQRS) Pattern: The Command Query Responsibility Segregation pattern separates the responsibility for handling read and write operations in an application. It suggests that commands (which modify the state of the system) and queries (which retrieve data from the system) should be handled by separate components. This pattern can help to simplify the logic of each component and make it easier to reason about.
- Hexagonal Architecture Pattern: The Hexagonal Architecture pattern (also known as Ports and Adapters) emphasizes the importance of isolating a system’s core business logic from its external dependencies. This pattern helps to promote modularity, testability, and maintainability. The core business logic is surrounded by adapters, which provide the necessary interfaces to interact with the outside world.
- Pipeline Pattern: The Pipeline pattern is based on the concept of a series of stages that process data sequentially. Each stage takes input data, processes it, and passes it to the next stage. This pattern is commonly used in data processing and analysis applications.
- Peer-to-Peer Pattern: The Peer-to-Peer pattern involves the use of a decentralized network in which each node in the network is both a client and a server. This pattern is commonly used in applications that require distributed processing or storage, such as file-sharing applications.
In summary, each of these 10 architectural patterns provides a framework for designing and building complex software systems. By promoting modularity, scalability, and maintainability, these patterns enable developers to create software that meets the needs of modern businesses and users.